{"id":538,"date":"2022-04-25T16:42:03","date_gmt":"2022-04-25T14:42:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sturma.net\/?p=538"},"modified":"2022-09-02T10:26:12","modified_gmt":"2022-09-02T08:26:12","slug":"slamene-domy-caste-dotazy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sturma.net\/cs\/slamene-domy-caste-dotazy\/","title":{"rendered":"Slam\u011bn\u00e9 domy – \u010dast\u00e9 dotazy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Je d\u016fm ze sl\u00e1my levn\u00fd?
<\/strong>
M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i nemus\u00ed. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice nelze (aspo\u0148 dosud) z legislativn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f stav\u011bt samonosn\u00e9 slam\u011bn\u00e9 st\u011bny (jak se stav\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b nap\u0159. v USA). V\u017edy je nutn\u00e9 m\u00edt jinou konstrukci, ze d\u0159eva, cihel, oceli, kter\u00e1 bude m\u00edt nosnou funkci. Sl\u00e1ma pak m\u00e1 funkci tepeln\u011b izola\u010dn\u00ed, staticky v\u00fdpl\u0148ovou. V celkov\u00e9m rozpo\u010dtu stavby nen\u00ed pod\u00edl izolace z\u00e1sadn\u00ed i p\u0159es l\u00e1ci slam\u011bn\u00e9ho bal\u00edku oproti b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 izolaci nap\u0159\u00edklad z miner\u00e1ln\u00ed vlny. V\u00fdslednou cenu neovlivn\u00ed tolik pou\u017eit\u00ed sl\u00e1my jako takov\u00e9, ale zp\u016fsob jak\u00fdm je pou\u017eita a zp\u016fsob realizace stavby. Mal\u00e1 pracnost p\u0159i vhodn\u011b zvolen\u00e9 konstrukci a pod\u00edl vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce cenu domu znateln\u011b sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. D\u00edky v\u00fdborn\u00fdm izola\u010dn\u00edm vlastnostem slam\u011bn\u00fdch bal\u00edk\u016f lze snadno dos\u00e1hnout parametr\u016f n\u00edzkoenergetick\u00fdch a pasivn\u00edch dom\u016f a m\u00edt tak velmi levn\u00fd provoz domu.

Jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem se sl\u00e1ma p\u0159i stavb\u011b d\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edt?<\/strong>

<\/a>Slam\u011bn\u00e9 bal\u00edky u n\u00e1s (zat\u00edm?) nejdou pou\u017e\u00edt ze statick\u00fdch d\u016fvod\u016f jako nosn\u00e1 st\u011bna. D\u016fvodem je jin\u00e9 pojet\u00ed stavebn\u00edho pr\u00e1va ne\u017e v USA a Brit\u00e1nii, kde je to b\u011b\u017en\u00e9. Sl\u00e1mu je tak mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edt jako tepelnou izolaci a bal\u00edky ke stavb\u011b v\u00fdpl\u0148ov\u00fdch st\u011bn. V Dom\u011b v D\u011bt\u0159ichovci je sl\u00e1ma v podlaze, st\u011bn\u00e1ch i ve st\u0159e\u0161e. Bal\u00edky jsou ve st\u011bn\u00e1ch kladeny na vazbu, navz\u00e1jem jsou spojov\u00e1ny zatlouk\u00e1n\u00edm d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch ty\u010d\u00ed. St\u011bna je oboustrann\u011b pokryta pletivem a sta\u017eena propylenov\u00fdm prov\u00e1zkem, pak je om\u00edtnuta hlin\u011bnou nebo v\u00e1pennou om\u00edtkou. St\u011bny i strop jdou ud\u011blat i jako d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 panely, do nich\u017e se bal\u00edky na\u0161lapou nale\u017eato (v hale) a d\u016fm se d\u00e1 z t\u011bchto panel\u016f smontovat b\u011bhem p\u00e1r dn\u016f. Podstatn\u011b se tak zkr\u00e1t\u00ed doba, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9 je nutn\u00e9 stavbu chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed de\u0161t\u011bm. Do podlahy a do st\u0159echy se daj\u00ed bal\u00edky nebo sl\u00e1ma na\u0161lapat mezi tr\u00e1my a zaklopit prkny nebo deskami.

Jak dlouho slam\u011bn\u00fd d\u016fm vydr\u017e\u00ed?<\/strong>

Domy ze slam\u011bn\u00fdch bal\u00edk\u016f byly stav\u011bny u\u017e z\u00e1hy po vyn\u00e1lezu bal\u00edkova\u010de na konci 19. stolet\u00ed. Dodnes v Nebrasce a Francii stoj\u00ed sto let star\u00e9 slam\u011bn\u00e9 domy. St\u00e9blo sl\u00e1my je slo\u017eeno jako d\u0159evo hlavn\u011b z celul\u00f3zy a stejn\u011b tak vydr\u017e\u00ed i stovky let, je-li chr\u00e1n\u011bno p\u0159ed vlhkost\u00ed a sluncem. Proto je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 navrhnout detaily tak, aby bylo zamezeno zat\u00e9k\u00e1n\u00ed, vzl\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed a kondenzace vody uvnit\u0159 konstrukce.

Bydl\u00ed ve sl\u00e1m\u011b my\u0161i?<\/strong>

Pou\u017eit\u00e1 sl\u00e1ma mus\u00ed b\u00fdt samoz\u0159ejm\u011b po\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b vyml\u00e1cen\u00e1, aby j\u00ed my\u0161i nevyhled\u00e1valy kv\u016fli zrn\u00ed. Do kvalitn\u011b navr\u017een\u00e9 konstrukce se my\u0161 t\u011b\u017eko dostane a v dostate\u010dn\u011b sta\u017een\u00e9m bal\u00edku se j\u00ed i \u0161patn\u011b bydl\u00ed. My\u0161i tak nejsou ve slam\u011bn\u00e9m dom\u011b o nic \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e nap\u0159\u00edklad v dom\u011b s miner\u00e1ln\u00ed vatou. V dom\u011b v D\u011bt\u0159ichovci my\u0161i nejsou v\u016fbec.

Jak je to s po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed odolnost\u00ed slam\u011bn\u00e9ho domu?<\/strong>

Slam\u011bn\u00fd bal\u00edk je narozd\u00edl od sl\u00e1my voln\u011b lo\u017een\u00e9 t\u011b\u017eko ho\u0159lav\u00fd. <\/a>St\u011bna z bal\u00edk\u016f om\u00edtnut\u00e1 hl\u00ednou byla vystavena v zahrani\u010d\u00ed mnoha test\u016fm odolnosti (odkaz), kter\u00e9 uk\u00e1zaly 60 i 90 minutovou odolnost. Na\u0161e norma vy\u017eaduje u rodinn\u00fdch dom\u016f 30 minut. Po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00ed technik ov\u0161em nem\u016f\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edt zahrani\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky test\u016f, v tabulk\u00e1ch m\u00e1 jen tu voln\u011b lo\u017eenou sl\u00e1mu. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b domu v D\u011bt\u0159ichovci byla navr\u017eena a realizov\u00e1na om\u00edtka vyztu\u017een\u00e1 pletivem, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 sama o sob\u011b po\u017eadovanou 30 minutovou odolnost, a sl\u00e1ma uvnit\u0159 skladby tak vyhov\u011bla.

Dostanu na slam\u011bn\u00fd d\u016fm stavebn\u00ed povolen\u00ed?<\/strong>

Ano. Na d\u016fm v D\u011bt\u0159ichovci bylo vyd\u00e1no stavebn\u00ed povolen\u00ed i poskytnuta hypot\u00e9ka. Sl\u00e1ma byla v\u0161ude uvedena. Sl\u00e1ma nen\u00ed certifikovan\u00fd stavebn\u00ed materi\u00e1l, co\u017e ji p\u0159esto umo\u017e\u0148uje pou\u017e\u00edt pro stavbu, ale pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 stavby financovan\u00e9 z ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vy\u017eadov\u00e1no pou\u017eit\u00ed pouze certifikovan\u00fdch stavebn\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f.

Uva\u017euji o stavb\u011b ze slam\u011bn\u00fdch bal\u00edk\u016f. Co m\u011b \u010dek\u00e1?<\/strong>

Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed slam\u011bn\u00fdch bal\u00edk\u016f nen\u00ed (zat\u00edm) b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 technologie, se kterou si porad\u00ed jak\u00e1koli stavebn\u00ed firma. Pro stavebn\u00edka je nezbytn\u00e9 se s touto metodou bl\u00ed\u017ee sezn\u00e1mit, osahat si j\u00ed, nejl\u00e9pe na n\u011bkter\u00e9m z kurz\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1ny n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t do roka r\u016fzn\u011b po republice. Viz moje kurzy a str\u00e1nky sdru\u017een\u00ed Ekod\u016fm. Stavba se sl\u00e1mou vy\u017eaduje osobn\u00ed zaujet\u00ed a otev\u0159enost pro netradi\u010dn\u00ed technologie, porozum\u011bn\u00ed princip\u016fm detail\u016f. Zejm\u00e9na u stavby st\u011bn je velk\u00fd pod\u00edl vlastn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce a pr\u00e1ce podobn\u00fdch nad\u0161enc\u016f. Odm\u011bnou je velmi dob\u0159e izolovan\u00fd d\u016fm z p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed izolac\u00ed. Om\u00edtnut\u00e9 slam\u011bn\u00e9 st\u011bny maj\u00ed obl\u00e9 rohy a „m\u011bkk\u00fd“ povrch. V kombinaci s hlin\u011bn\u00fdmi om\u00edtkami a d\u0159evem velice p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 bydlen\u00ed!

Pro jak\u00e9 stavby se sl\u00e1ma hod\u00ed?<\/strong>

Pro jak\u00e9koli. N\u00e1vrh je ov\u0161em nutn\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na v detailech p\u0159izp\u016fsobit vlhkostn\u00edm parametr\u016fm, po\u017e\u00e1rn\u00edm a statick\u00fdm po\u017eadavk\u016fm.

Jakou sl\u00e1mu a jak\u00e9 bal\u00edky lze pou\u017e\u00edt?<\/strong>

B\u011b\u017en\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sl\u00e1ma v\u0161ech druh\u016f obil\u00ed. Sl\u00e1ma z r\u00fd\u017ee nebo \u0159epky nen\u00ed v na\u0161ich podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch vyzkou\u0161ena. Bal\u00edky je nutn\u00e9 sh\u00e1n\u011bt nebo si zajistit odb\u011br u\u017e na sam\u00e9m po\u010d\u00e1tku projektov\u00e1n\u00ed domu. Velikost bal\u00edk\u016f se li\u0161\u00ed podle stroje, kter\u00fd je k dispozici, a podle rozm\u011bru bal\u00edk\u016f je dobr\u00e9 p\u0159izp\u016fsobit n\u00e1vrh konstrukce a detail\u016f, aby se omezilo pracn\u00e9 d\u011blen\u00ed a \u00fapravy bal\u00edk\u016f. Typick\u00fd rozm\u011br je 40x50x60cm. Sl\u00e1ma v bal\u00edc\u00edch by m\u011bla b\u00fdt co nejv\u00edce „zlat\u00e1“, ne \u0161ediv\u00e1, po\u0161kozen\u00e1 pl\u00edsn\u00ed. Ov\u0161em n\u011bkdy je obil\u00ed \u0161ediv\u00e9 u\u017e nastojato na poli. Sl\u00e1ma p\u0159i bal\u00edkov\u00e1n\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt such\u00e1 a bal\u00edky nesm\u00ed zmoknout. Mokr\u00fd bal\u00edk u\u017e nevyschne a nen\u00ed pou\u017eiteln\u00fd pro stavbu. Sehn\u00e1n\u00ed kvalitn\u00edch such\u00fdch bal\u00edk\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt probl\u00e9m vzhledem k po\u010das\u00ed, sez\u00f3nn\u00ed dostupnosti stroje a ochot\u011b zem\u011bd\u011blce bal\u00edkovat t\u0159eba jen \u010d\u00e1st pole. Majitel domu v D\u011bt\u0159ichovci sehnal p\u0159i \u017en\u00edch velk\u00e9 kulat\u00e9 bal\u00edky sl\u00e1my, kter\u00e9 uskladnil v hale a pak je p\u0159ebal\u00edkoval na mal\u00e9 bal\u00edky. Za v\u00edkend byly bal\u00edky na cel\u00fd d\u016fm hotovy a bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 kontrolovat jejich dostate\u010dn\u00e9 stla\u010den\u00ed. Objemov\u00e1 hmotnost bal\u00edku by m\u011bly b\u00fdt tak 90-110kg\/m3, s takto sta\u017een\u00fdm bal\u00edkem se dob\u0159e d\u011bl\u00e1 a m\u00e1 ide\u00e1ln\u00ed tepeln\u011b izola\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Je d\u016fm ze sl\u00e1my levn\u00fd?M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i nemus\u00ed. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice nelze (aspo\u0148 dosud) z legislativn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f stav\u011bt samonosn\u00e9 slam\u011bn\u00e9 st\u011bny (jak se stav\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b nap\u0159. v USA). V\u017edy je nutn\u00e9 m\u00edt jinou konstrukci, ze d\u0159eva, cihel, oceli, kter\u00e1 bude m\u00edt nosnou funkci. Sl\u00e1ma pak m\u00e1 funkci tepeln\u011b izola\u010dn\u00ed, staticky v\u00fdpl\u0148ovou. V celkov\u00e9m rozpo\u010dtu stavby… Pokra\u010dovat ve\u00a0\u010dten\u00ed Slam\u011bn\u00e9 domy – \u010dast\u00e9 dotazy<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":539,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-slamaky","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nSlam\u011bn\u00e9 domy - \u010dast\u00e9 dotazy | Architekt Pavel \u0160turma<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sturma.net\/cs\/slamene-domy-caste-dotazy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Slam\u011bn\u00e9 domy - \u010dast\u00e9 dotazy | Architekt Pavel \u0160turma\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Je d\u016fm ze sl\u00e1my levn\u00fd?M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i nemus\u00ed. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice nelze (aspo\u0148 dosud) z legislativn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f stav\u011bt samonosn\u00e9 slam\u011bn\u00e9 st\u011bny (jak se stav\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u011b nap\u0159. v USA). V\u017edy je nutn\u00e9 m\u00edt jinou konstrukci, ze d\u0159eva, cihel, oceli, kter\u00e1 bude m\u00edt nosnou funkci. Sl\u00e1ma pak m\u00e1 funkci tepeln\u011b izola\u010dn\u00ed, staticky v\u00fdpl\u0148ovou. 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